taking BREO ELLIPTA. Fluticasone Furoate and Vilanterol: There was no evidence
of teratogenic interactions between fluticasone furoate and vilanterol in rats at
approximately 9 and 40 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human
daily inhalation dose (MRHDID) in adults (on a mcg/m2 basis at maternal inhaled doses
of fluticasone furoate and vilanterol, alone or in combination, up to approximately
95 mcg/kg/day). Fluticasone Furoate: There were no teratogenic effects in rats and
rabbits at approximately 9 and 2 times, respectively, the MRHDID in adults (on a mcg/
m2 basis at maternal inhaled doses up to 91 and 8 mcg/kg/day in rats and rabbits,
respectively). There were no effects on perinatal and postnatal development in rats at
approximately 3 times the MRHDID in adults (on a mcg/m2 basis at maternal doses up
to 27 mcg/kg/day). Vilanterol: There were no teratogenic effects in rats and rabbits at
approximately 13,000 and 160 times, respectively, the MRHDID in adults (on a mcg/m2
basis at maternal inhaled doses up to 33,700 mcg/kg/day in rats and on an AUC basis
at maternal inhaled doses up to 591 mcg/kg/day in rabbits). However, fetal skeletal
variations were observed in rabbits at approximately 1,000 times the MRHDID in adults
(on an AUC basis at maternal inhaled or subcutaneous doses of 5,740 or 300 mcg/kg/
day, respectively). The skeletal variations included decreased or absent ossification in
cervical vertebral centrum and metacarpals. There were no effects on perinatal and
postnatal development in rats at approximately 3,900 times the MRHDID in adults (on
a mcg/m2 basis at maternal oral doses up to 10,000 mcg/kg/day).
Nonteratogenic Effects: Hypoadrenalism may occur in infants born of mothers
receiving corticosteroids during pregnancy. Such infants should be carefully monitored.
8. 2 Labor and Delivery There are no adequate and well-controlled human trials that
have investigated the effects of BREO ELLIPTA during labor and delivery. Because
beta-agonists may potentially interfere with uterine contractility, BREO ELLIPTA should
be used during labor only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk.
8. 3 Nursing Mothers It is not known whether fluticasone furoate or vilanterol are
excreted in human breast milk. However, other corticosteroids and beta2-agonists
have been detected in human milk. Since there are no data from controlled trials on
the use of BREO ELLIPTA by nursing mothers, caution should be exercised when it is
administered to a nursing woman.
8. 5 Geriatric Use Based on available data, no adjustment of the dosage of
BREO ELLIPTA in geriatric patients is necessary, but greater sensitivity in some
older individuals cannot be ruled out. Clinical trials of BREO ELLIPTA for COPD included
2,508 subjects aged 65 and older and 564 subjects aged 75 and older. No overall
differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and
younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences
in responses between the elderly and younger subjects.
8. 6 Hepatic Impairment Fluticasone furoate systemic exposure increased by up to
3-fold in subjects with hepatic impairment compared with healthy subjects. Hepatic
impairment had no effect on vilanterol systemic exposure. Use BREO ELLIPTA with
caution in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment. Monitor patients
for corticosteroid-related side effects [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12. 3) of full
prescribing information].
8. 7 Renal Impairment There were no significant increases in either fluticasone
furoate or vilanterol exposure in subjects with severe renal impairment
(CrCl<30 mL/min) compared with healthy subjects. No dosage adjustment is
required in patients with renal impairment [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12. 3)
of full prescribing information].
10 OVERDOSAGE
No human overdosage data has been reported for BREO ELLIPTA. BREO ELLIPTA
contains both fluticasone furoate and vilanterol; therefore, the risks associated with
overdosage for the individual components described below apply to BREO ELLIPTA.
10. 1 Fluticasone Furoate Because of low systemic bioavailability ( 15.2%) and an
absence of acute drug-related systemic findings in clinical trials, overdosage of
fluticasone furoate is unlikely to require any treatment other than observation. If used
at excessive doses for prolonged periods, systemic effects such as hypercorticism
may occur [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5. 8)]. Single- and repeat-dose trials
of fluticasone furoate at doses of 50 to 4,000 mcg have been studied in human
subjects. Decreases in mean serum cortisol were observed at dosages of 500 mcg
or higher given once daily for 14 days.
10. 2 Vilanterol The expected signs and symptoms with overdosage of vilanterol
are those of excessive beta-adrenergic stimulation and/or occurrence or
exaggeration of any of the signs and symptoms of beta-adrenergic stimulation
(e.g., angina, hypertension or hypotension, tachycardia with rates up to 200 beats/
min, arrhythmias, nervousness, headache, tremor, seizures, muscle cramps, dry
mouth, palpitation, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, insomnia, hyperglycemia,
hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis). As with all inhaled sympathomimetic medicines,
cardiac arrest and even death may be associated with an overdose of vilanterol.
Treatment of overdosage consists of discontinuation of BREO ELLIPTA together with
institution of appropriate symptomatic and/or supportive therapy. The judicious use
of a cardioselective beta-receptor blocker may be considered, bearing in mind that
such medicine can produce bronchospasm. Cardiac monitoring is recommended
in cases of overdosage.
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
13. 1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
BREO ELLIPTA: No studies of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or impairment of fertility
were conducted with BREO ELLIPTA; however, studies are available for the individual
components, fluticasone furoate and vilanterol, as described below.
Fluticasone Furoate: Fluticasone furoate produced no treatment-related increases
in the incidence of tumors in 2-year inhalation studies in rats and mice at inhaled
doses up to 9 and 19 mcg/kg/day, respectively (approximately equal to the MRHDID
in adults on a mcg/m2 basis). Fluticasone furoate did not induce gene mutation
in bacteria or chromosomal damage in a mammalian cell mutation test in mouse
lymphoma L5178Y cells in vitro. There was also no evidence of genotoxicity in the
in vivo micronucleus test in rats. No evidence of impairment of fertility was observed
in male and female rats at inhaled fluticasone furoate doses up to 29 and 91 mcg/kg/
day, respectively (approximately 3 and 9 times, respectively, the MRHDID in adults
on a mcg/m2 basis).
Vilanterol: In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in mice, vilanterol caused a statistically
significant increase in ovarian tubulostromal adenomas in females at an inhalation
dose of 29,500 mcg/kg/day (approximately 8,750 times the MRHDID in adults on an
AUC basis). No increase in tumors was seen at an inhalation dose of 615 mcg/kg/
day (approximately 530 times the MRHDID in adults on an AUC basis). In a 2-year
carcinogenicity study in rats, vilanterol caused statistically significant increases in
mesovarian leiomyomas in females and shortening of the latency of pituitary tumors
at inhalation doses greater than or equal to 84.4 mcg/kg/day (greater than or equal
to approximately 45 times the MRHDID in adults on an AUC basis). No tumors were
seen at an inhalation dose of 10. 5 mcg/kg/day (approximately 2 times the MRHDID in
adults on an AUC basis). These tumor findings in rodents are similar to those reported
previously for other beta-adrenergic agonist drugs. The relevance of these findings
to human use is unknown. Vilanterol tested negative in the following genotoxicity
assays: the in vitro Ames assay, in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay, in vivo
rat unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay, and in vitro Syrian hamster embryo
(SHE) cell assay. Vilanterol tested equivocal in the in vitro mouse lymphoma assay.
No evidence of impairment of fertility was observed in reproductive studies
conducted in male and female rats at inhaled vilanterol doses up to 31,500 and
37,100 mcg/kg/day, respectively (approximately 12,000 and 14,000 times,
respectively, the MRHDID in adults on a mcg/m2 basis).
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION
See FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide and Instructions for Use)
17. 1 Asthma-Related Death Patients should be informed that LABA, such as
vilanterol, one of the active ingredients in BREO ELLIPTA, increase the risk of asthma-related death. BREO ELLIPTA is not indicated for the treatment of asthma.
17. 2 Not for Acute Symptoms BREO ELLIPTA is not meant to relieve acute
symptoms of COPD and extra doses should not be used for that purpose. Acute
symptoms should be treated with a rescue inhaler such as albuterol. The physician
should provide the patient with such medicine and instruct the patient in how it
should be used. Patients should be instructed to notify their physicians immediately
if they experience any of the following: Symptoms get worse; Need for more
inhalations than usual of their rescue inhaler; Significant decrease in lung function
as outlined by the physician. Patients should not stop therapy with BREO ELLIPTA
without physician/provider guidance since symptoms may recur after discontinuation.
17. 3 Do Not Use Additional Long-Acting Beta2-Agonists When patients are
prescribed BREO ELLIPTA, other medicines containing a LABA should not be used.
17. 4 Risks Associated With Corticosteroid Therapy
Local Effects: Patients should be advised that localized infections with Candida
albicans occurred in the mouth and pharynx in some patients. If oropharyngeal
candidiasis develops, it should be treated with appropriate local or systemic (i.e.,
oral) antifungal therapy while still continuing therapy with BREO ELLIPTA, but at times
therapy with BREO ELLIPTA may need to be temporarily interrupted under close
medical supervision. Rinsing the mouth without swallowing after inhalation is advised
to help reduce the risk of thrush.
Pneumonia: Patients with COPD who have received BREO ELLIPTA have a higher risk
of pneumonia and should be instructed to contact their healthcare providers if they
develop symptoms of pneumonia (e.g., fever, chills, change in sputum color, increase
in breathing problems).
Immunosuppression: Patients who are on immunosuppressant doses of
corticosteroids should be warned to avoid exposure to chickenpox or measles and,
if exposed, to consult their physicians without delay. Patients should be informed
of potential worsening of existing tuberculosis, fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic
infections, or ocular herpes simplex.
Hypercorticism and Adrenal Suppression: Patients should be advised that
BREO ELLIPTA may cause systemic corticosteroid effects of hypercorticism
and adrenal suppression. Additionally, patients should be instructed that deaths
due to adrenal insufficiency have occurred during and after transfer from systemic
corticosteroids.
Reduction in Bone Mineral Density: Patients who are at an increased risk for
decreased BMD should be advised that the use of corticosteroids may pose an
additional risk.
Ocular Effects: Long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may increase the risk
of some eye problems (cataracts or glaucoma); regular eye examinations should
be considered.
17. 5 Risks Associated With Beta-Agonist Therapy Patients should be informed of
adverse effects associated with beta2-agonists, such as palpitations, chest pain, rapid
heart rate, tremor, or nervousness.
BREO and ELLIPTA are trademarks of GlaxoSmithKline.
BREO ELLIPTA was developed in collaboration with
©2013, GlaxoSmithKline. All rights reserved.
Revised 05/2013 BRE:1BRS
©2013 GlaxoSmithKline group of companies.